Kiln.



J. .SIMPSGN.

KILN.

APPLICATION FIL ED AUG.5. i912.

Patented Apr. 4,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1- THE CDLIJMIHA PLANOGRAPH 120., WASHINGTON, D. c.

' J. T. SIMPSON.

KlLN.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-5,1912.

Patented'Apr. 4, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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J. T. SIMPSON.

KILN.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG-5, 1912. 1,178,184.

Patented Apr. 4, 1916.

l 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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KILN.

Application filed August 5, 1912.

I To'all whom it may concern Be. it knownthat I, JOSEPH T. SIMPsoN, acitizen of the United States of America,

. and a resident of Chicago, county of Cook,

and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Kilns, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to kilns for burning brick or other materials, andhas for 1ts I object the construction of a kiln in sections which may bequickly assembled bemay be moved in the manner common with slidingdoors; Fig. 9 1s a side elevation of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is an elevationsimilar to Fig. 8 with the sections supported on a lower track; Fig. 111s a side elevation of V Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is an elevation similar toFig. 10 but having its sections pivotally supported on brackets; andFig. 13 is a sec tion of Fig. 12. V

In using open top kilns, it is common practice to build the kilnwallsaround a previously prepared pile of green brick, and after thebrick are burned to tear down walls so that the burned brick may beremoved.

It will be obvious that building a brick kiln and tearing it down eachtime a quantity of brick is to be burned is expensive both in the timeand labor consumed and in the brick damaged by being repeatedly set inmortar. To reduce the expense asmuch as possible the kiln walls, orscoving, are usually made only one brick in thickness. Thin walls vofthis kind are objectionable because they permit loss of heat byradiation. I overcome these objections by male ing the scoving, or kilnwalls, in sections which may be bolted together to form the kiln, andafter the brick are burned may be removed in sections-and used in theconstruction of a second kiln. One of these sections is shown in detailin F igs, .2 to 7,

Specification of Letters Patent.

of Fig. 2; Fig. 7is a section on Patented A r. a, rare. Serial No.713,280.

and each section is composed of a metal plate 15 to which is secured afacing of fire brick 16, held in place by bolts 17. Between the plate 15and the brick 16 is a layer of insulating material 18, composed ofasbestos, or other similar body. Secured at the edges of the plate 15are angle irons 19 which have flanges extending toward the brick 16 toinclose the edges of the asbestos 18. These angle irons also serve tostiifen the plate 15 and maintain the-section, as a whole, in its propershape. Secured to the angle iron at the top of the plate are eye-bolts20 by which a section may be lifted to put it in place when building akiln or to remove it when it is desired to tear the kiln down. Securedat suitable places on the angle irons 19 are brackets 21, and bolts 22,extending through these brackets and similar brackets on an adjacentsection, serve to connect two sections together. Part or all of thesections have openings 23 through which fire may be applied to brickwithin the kiln.

In ordinary practice there is a long kiln shed in which several kilnsmay be constructed, and over these kilns is usually a crane which maytravel the length of the shed. This crane is used to carry the greenbrick to the desired place in the shed and pile it up in the position atwhich the scoving is to be built around it. Later, the crane is used toremove the burned brick. When such a crane is used I employ it to liftthe sections of my kiln by connecting it to the eyebolts 20.

In applying my invention, a foundation 24, Fig. 4, is built around asection of the space within the shed, and on this foundation is afoundation plate'or angle iron 25 for supporting the walls of the kiln.Ordinarily there will be several such sections of ground space inclosedby foundations 2 1. On the ground inclosed by one of these foundationsthe green brick is piled to the required height. The sections of scovingare then set upon the foundation plate 25, and adjacent sections areconnected together by bolts 22. The lower parts of the scoving are thenforced toward the brick within the kiln by means of wedges 26 driven inbetween the angle irons 19 and the upwardly projecting flange of thefoundation plate 25. The upper ends of the angle irons 19 project abovethe sections of scoving, and these projecting ends serve as a means forconnecting tie-bolts 27 across the top of the kiln to hold the top partstogether. The

joints between the sections of scoving are then closed by clay mortar,and a thin layer of mortar 28 is placed over the green brick 29. Thekiln is then ready to be fired in the ordinary manner.

After the brick are properly burned, the tie-bolts 27 at the top, andthe wedges 26 below, are released. The crane may then move an entireside from the brick burned to another pile ready to be burned, or thesections may be disconnected, and single sections, or groups ofsections, may be moved from the first to the second place. Here theconnections are made as before and the fire started to burn the new kilnfull of brick.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that the scoving may be erected orremoved quickly, and that in the erection and removal there is no lossof material used in the kiln walls. Also, that with scoving made in thisway, there is much less loss of heat by radiation than when the wallscon-V sist simply of one layer of brick.

In cases where there is no crane for moving the sections of the kilnfrom place to place, I support the sections on rails by means ofrollers. In Figs. 8 and 9, the sections are supported on an upper rail30' by means of rollers 31 secured to brackets 32 riveted to thesections. The construction is similar to that used with sliding doorsand will be understood from the drawings without special description.

In Figs. 10 and 11, the rail 30 is supported on the foundation 24, andthe wheel supporting brackets 32 are secured to the bottom part of thesection of scoving. This construction will also be obvious from thedrawings.

In Figs. 12 and 13 I show an arrangement by which the kiln walls may beretained permanently in the same place and yet at the same time permitbrick to be piled up and later be removed. In this case I securebrackets 33 to the lower ends of the angle irons 19, and on thefoundation 24 I secure'other brackets 34:. The brackets 33 and 34 arethen connected together by pivoting pins 35. As so arranged, an entireside, or end, of the kiln may be moved out- Copies of this patent may beobtained for ward on its pivoting pinsthus giving free access to theinterior for piling up green bI'lCk or removing those which are burned.

When green brick are set or piled up the sides and ends are raised ontheir pivots and ing material on the face of thelplate and v within thespace inclosed by said flanges, a"

layer of fire brick over the insulating material and in contact with theflanges, and

bolts for securing the fire brickto the plate.

2. A kiln having walls consisting of a series of vertical sections eachformed of a metal outer plate having an inner facing of refractorymaterial, brackets and bolts. for securing adjacent sections toeachother, tiebolts for connecting the sections of opposite walls, afoundation upon which the walls rest, and a projection secured to thefoundation and inclosing the lower parts of the walls to prevent theiroutward displacement.

3. A kiln having walls consistingof a series of vertical sections eachformedof a metal outer plate having an inner facingrof refractorymaterial, tie-boltsfor connecting the sections of opposite walls, afoundation upon which the walls rest, and a projection secured to thefoundation and inclosing the lower parts of the walls to prevent theiroutward displacement.

4. In a brick kiln, a rectangular foundation, independent wallssupported upon said foundation, each wall consisting of a series ofsections having an inner face of fire resisting material, means forconnecting and disconnecting the adjacent sections of each wall, andmeans for restraining the walls from outward displacement.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois this 3 day of August 1912.

JOSEPH T. SIMPSON Witnesses i IVALTER H. Rnnrmnn, C. L. REDFIELD.

five cents each, b y addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

washington, D. G. a v

